📐 Infrastructure Design

LLM API Proxy Architecture Design

Learn how to design and implement a scalable, secure, and efficient LLM proxy architecture. From request routing to caching strategies, build production-grade AI infrastructure.

Multi-Layer Proxy Architecture
Client Layer
📱
Web Apps
🤖
AI Agents
IDE Tools
🔧
API Clients
Gateway Layer
🔐
Auth
API key validation
Rate Limit
Request throttling
🔀
Router
Request routing
📊
Metrics
Monitoring
Processing Layer
💾
Cache
Response cache
🔄
Transform
Request/response
🛡️
Circuit
Breaker
⚖️
Load Bal.
Distribution
Provider Layer
🟢
OpenAI
🟣
Anthropic
🔵
Google
🟠
Others

Core Components

Essential building blocks for proxy architecture

🔐

Authentication Layer

Validate API keys, manage tokens, and enforce access control policies at the edge.

🔀

Request Router

Route requests to appropriate providers based on model, cost, or availability requirements.

💾

Response Cache

Cache identical requests to reduce latency and provider API costs significantly.

Rate Limiter

Enforce rate limits at user and global levels to prevent quota exhaustion and abuse.

🛡️

Circuit Breaker

Protect against cascading failures by opening circuits when providers are unhealthy.

📊

Metrics Collector

Collect latency, token usage, and error metrics for monitoring and optimization.

Design Patterns

Proven patterns for reliable proxy systems

🔄
Retry with Exponential Backoff

Implement intelligent retry logic for transient failures with increasing delays.

Retry Pattern
retry:
  max_attempts: 3
  backoff: exponential
  base_delay: 1s
  max_delay: 30s
🔀
Fallback Chain

Chain multiple providers for automatic failover when primary fails.

Fallback Chain
providers:
  primary: openai
  fallback:
    - anthropic
    - google
  strategy: ordered
⚖️
Load Balancing

Distribute requests across multiple API keys or providers for optimal performance.

Load Balance
load_balance:
  strategy: round_robin
  health_check: 30s
  weights:
    openai: 60
    anthropic: 40
💾
Cache-Aside Pattern

Check cache before provider, store responses for future identical requests.

Caching
cache:
  enabled: true
  ttl: 1h
  key_hash: sha256
  max_size: 10000

Design Your Proxy Architecture

Build scalable, reliable LLM infrastructure with proven architecture patterns and comprehensive component design.